A hazard and operability study, commonly referred to as a hazop study, is a structured analysis of process design to identify process safety incidents that a facility is. Although styrene was discovered way back in 1839, its commercial production and applications were developed in. The major benefit of a hazid study is to provide essential input to project development decisions. Consensus on template format for recording study outputs. Hazard and operability study brainstorming, multidisciplinary team approach structured using guide words problem identifying cost effective when to use. Hazop is an acronym which is short for hazard and operability study and it was first introduced many decades ago by imperial chemical industries ici of uk. Hazards identified in hazid are classified in high risk, medium risk and low riskbased upon clients risk assessment matrix tailored to suit this study. For a mediumsized chemical plant where the total number of items to be considered is 1200 items of equipment and pipes or other transfers between them about 40 such meetings would be needed. A hazop study identifies hazards and operatability problems. This is true whether it is a batch process or a continuous process. Hazard and operability analysis hazop systematically identifying and documenting hazards and operability issues. In particular, hazop is often used as a technique for identifying potential hazards in a system and identifying operability problems likely to lead to nonconforming products. There are various methods of hazards identification which are applied in different stages and phases whether design or execution phase in a chemical plant.
Its purpose is to reduce risk and ensure the safety of workers in plant environments. Mod01 lec11 hazard identification and management in oil. Example hazop study process parameters and deviations. It is primarily used to study complex operational hazards. As with the other techniques described here, hazop is intended to assess the safety significance of deviations from normal, safe operations. A hazard and operability study hazop is a systematic investigation of a present or planned process or operation. This chemical plant explosion killed twenty eight people and injured scores of others, many of those being. The study is focused on a chemical plant for resins production, where hazardous chemical substances are processed and. Hazop in the context of the accepted quality risk management process consisting of risk. Hazop study highlights the hidden operability problems and identifies hazards. The size and complexity of industrial chemical plants, together with the nature of. Safety management system and safety culture working group guidance on hazard identification march 09 the use of the term hazard in the formal risk assessment context originated in the nuclear and chemical industries for which a wide range of different types of hazards are present all of. If, in the process of identifying problems during a hazop study, a solution becomes apparent, it is recorded as part of the hazop result.
Meeting, american institute of chemical engineers, 22 apr. Origin of hazop study hazop were initially invented by ici in the united kingdom, but the technique only started to be more widely used within the chemical process industry after the flixborough disaster in 1974. Risk management professionals brings you the third part of its thirteenth module of an ongoing series which highlights our rigorous hazop study courses taught by. Prevent causes prevent reduce consequence monitor detect is the protection sufficient. A hazop study identifies hazards and operability problems. Safetec is a leading provider of hazid and hazop, conducting over 70 analyses every year for numerous clients. You must have come across the term hazop very often lately, as it has been in the news more often. Hazop study is one of the hazard identification technique can be applied various phases of project development includes in front end engineering and design phase, as a part of detailed design phase and plant operation phase or any modification or alteration of the plant. Hazop can be applied on units such as reactor, vessel or fractionator as a study node. Styrene who is also known as ethylbenzene,vinybenzene and phenylethene is an organic compound with the chemical formula c 6 h 5 chch 2. It is impossible to delete or mitigate of hazards in system development lifecycle, if.
All about hazard and operability study hazop study. A hazop study is used to verify the integrity of design or procedures with respect to safety and operability. In the presented paper, the modelbased approach, including the hazop methodology, was applied on an methyl tertiarybutyl ether mtbe production plant. Introduction to methods of process safety hazard assessment. Hazard and operability analysis hazop is a structured and systematic technique for system examination and risk management. Process safety information this booklet summarizes the osha final process safety management psm standard. The details of the study are given in hazop sheet format. Hazop study in a chemical plant hazard and operability study. Risk screening of a companys chemical plants development of customized training courses for corporatewide use investigation of major refinery and chemical plant accidents. Hazop deviations for vent header systems guidewords i i i i i typical design i intention parameters r temperanre composition t i addition of gas lner enrichnt diluenl material corrosion i erown batch process empty, nu level in seal pomank or separator no rented malenal present hgh pressure in header line or equipneni high temperature in. Employers and employees may prefer to read this booklet and a companion one entitled, process safety management guidelines for compliance osha 33, before studying the rule itself. Pdf hazard and operability hazop study of wastewater. Hazop study in chemical plant is now the default method of not only assessing the risk level of the plant, but also helps in maintaining the same risk level throughout its life cycle.
However, it provides a much more structured approach for doing so. At this step, the hazop team documents, in a hazop. When hazop meetings were recorded by hand they were generally scheduled for three to four hours per day. Although the chemical process industries cpi are among the safest. Automated modelbased hazop study in process hazard. The hazop analysis is basically a chemistry develops between a list of. A hazard and operability study hazop is a structured and systematic examination of a complex planned or existing process or operation in order to identify and evaluate problems that may represent risks to personnel or equipment. Hazard identification of chemical mixing plant through hazop study. A hazard and operability study or hazop is a systematic, critical examination by a team of the engineering and operating intentions of a process to assess the hazard potential of maloperation or malfunction of individual items of equipment and the consequential effects on the facility as a whole. Hazop hazid and safety integrity level sil iec 61508 iec. In addition, hazop can be performed on a line in the flow sheet that includes valves and pumps. December 21, 2012 october 14, 2017 john merriman 2 comments on what is hazop. It was originally designed to assess chemical plants and the procedure and processes used in them but is now applied more widely.
Cooling lines can be considered as hazop study node. This case study is linked with a real industrial process and consists of two main operation units. Hazard and operability hazop study of wastewater treatment unit producing biohydrogen. Health,safety and environmental management in petroleum and offshore engineering by dr. A hazard and operability hazop study is a structured and systematic. The hazard identification is the basic activity in hazard management procedure. The concept involves investigating how the plant might deviate from the design intent. This chemical plant explosion killed twenty eight people and injured scores of others, many of those being members of the public living nearby. This book explains how to implement hazop techniques in new facilities and apply it to existing facilities.
Hazop is short form for hazard and operability study. The goal of a hazop study is to identify and evluate any problems within a plant or work environment that could pose a risk to the employees or equipment. Operability study hazop on a generalized process plant. Optimal from a cost viewpoint when applied to new plants at the point where the design is nearly firm and documented or to existing plants where a major redesign is planned. Hazid hazard identification is a qualitative technique for the early identification of potential hazards and threats effecting people, the environment, assets or reputation. Hazop deals with the identification of potential deviations from the design intent, examination of their possible.
Hazard and operability analysis hazop is a structured and systematic technique for. This simple, easily digestible book is a favorite in the chemical and process industries. What is a hazop study origin of hazop study hazop were. Hazop is an acronym that stands for hazard and operability study it was pioneered at ici imperial chemical industries, uk during the late 1960s. Identificaiton of railway signaling using pha and hazop. The hazard and operability hazop study is the most commonly used process hazard analysis pha method in the world today. If not, propose suitable action or recommendation based on the selected node and the design intent of the node, hazop study is conducted.
A typical facility that produces chemicals can be said to have a life of at least 50 years. The hazop technique was initially developed to analyze chemical process systems. The hazard and operability hazop study is the most widely used process hazards analysis pha technique in the chemical, pharmaceutical, food, oil and gas, nuclear, and other process industries worldwide. Ebook hazop guide to best practice as pdf download. Attempt has been made to carry out hazid and hazop study thoroughly through the effluent treatment plant etp and recommendations were given to make the plant more safe place to work. R hazop for railway signaling in this paperkrri, 2011j.